All of the services provided by PCS cater to an audience that consists primarily of institutional buy-side managers and the services are priced accordingly.

THE HORIZON RESEARCH GROUP

CONTRARIAN RESEARCH REPORT
The Contrarian Research Report, authored by Murray Stahl, employs a value-oriented, event-driven investment strategy that seeks to capitalize on the most inefficient and attractive investment areas. Murray uses a time-intensive, investigative style of research to uncover behind the scenes, proprietary information about each company. Investment recommendations focus on companies with significant barriers to entry that have the ability to generate a high and sustainable return on invested capital.
While the vast majority of such companies trade at or near fair value, opportunities present themselves when transitory events temporarily depress share prices. These situations are the primary focus of the research process.

GLOBAL CONTRARIAN REPORT
The Global Contrarian Research Report builds on the success of the domestic focused Contrarian Research Report by identifying companies primarily in Western Europe and Asia that have diversified themselves away from a reliance on the US. These companies meet the proven investment criteria of high and sustainable returns on invested capital that enable them to act as compounding investment vehicles. The service focuses on companies with under-developed or undiscovered natural resources;
Monopoly, oligopoly or consolidating industry structures; and the long term impact of emerging economies.

THE SPIN-OFF REPORT/BITS & PIECES
The Spin-Off Report, authored by Murray Stahl and Jairam Nathan, monitors the progress of all U.S. spin-offs from announcement date through when-issued trading, and continues coverage through the first quarter of trading. The service provides fundamental research reports on the subsidiary prior to divestiture, and highlights arbitrage opportunities and trading techniques both before and after the record date. The Spin-Offs of Tomorrow report provides a detailed overview and analysis of companies believed to be potential spin-off candidates with a unique viewpoint and rationale. In addition, clients receive the Bits & Pieces report; a monthly supplement to the service that identifies mispriced stub securities, tracking stocks and other arbitrage opportunities. The Spin-Off Report Compendium provides an effective forum to discuss restructurings outside the realm of spin-offs, as well as intriguing divestitures in foreign markets.

THE SCRATCH REPORT
The Scratch Report, authored by Murray Stahl, focuses on domestic companies with market caps above $10 billion and derives investment decisions based upon a philosophy consistent with value investing. Accordingly, recommendations will typically have low valuations based on earnings, sales, book value, cash flow or some other appropriate valuation measure. The service focuses on companies with sustainable business models with the ability to generate high and sustainable returns on capital.
Recommendations will often maintain a leading or improving market position, undervalued asset or product portfolio, credible management or are in a position to capitalize on some impending event that will create a high level of future earnings growth. The Scratch Report specializes in identifying companies in which the consensus believes the business is permanently impaired by irreversible circumstances, while our analysis indicates that the company’s problems to be transitory in nature with
a high likelihood of financial improvement.

THE DEVIL’S ADVOCATE REPORT
Authored by Murray Stahl, The Devil’s Advocate Report produces short-sale recommendations on highly visible, large cap, widely held stocks. Various screens are employed to test the logical implications of consensus earnings estimates for reasonability and probability of achievement. Companies that are flagged by these screens are subsequently subjected to time intensive analysis to confirm the egregiousness of the consensus view. Short recommendations are supplemented with a
variety of option techniques for synthetically shorting these stocks while limiting risk.

THE DISTRESSED SECURITIES REPORT
The Distressed Securities Report identifies opportunities within companies that are about to enter or exit bankruptcy or financial distress. Given the uncertain timing in bankruptcy reorganizations, largeorder time discounts routinely appear. This phenomenon makes very satisfactory returns available to investors willing to undertake time value risk in place of the investment value risk that was removed when the securities left the investment realm for the legal realm. This endows many securities in bankruptcy with very favorable asymmetrical risk/reward attributes. In addition, clients receive The Bankruptcy Calendar which monitors the progress of all Chapter 7 liquidations and Chapter 11 reorganizations.

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VOYANT ADVISORS

VOYANT ADVISORS (U.S.)
Voyant Advisors is led by several seasoned investment research professionals including Matthew R. Kliber, former Executive VP of research at Gradient Analytics, and Derek A. Laake, a former senior analyst at Gradient Analytics. The team performs in-depth accounting policy and working capital analysis to assess the validity and reliability of the earnings, cash flow and financial position reported by public companies listed in the U.S. The research provides rigorous analysis of companies that exhibit signs of potential fundamental business deterioration, competitive landscape challenges, and/or operational inefficiencies that may be precursors of future earnings disappointments. Voyant Advisors employs a unique systematic three stage research process to identify companies exhibiting a high risk of underperformance. On a monthly basis, clients receive 2-3 comprehensive reports focused on companies in which Voyant Advisors believes to have a high probability of underperforming over the next 1-3 quarters. Voyant Advisors also provides a monthly “Balance Sheet Watch List” highlighting 4 to 8 companies exhibiting an elevated risk of near term underperformance.

VOYANT GLOBAL
Academic evidence has established that opportunistic earnings manipulation is more pervasive and financial statement quality is generally poorer outside the United States. Through an analysis of internal control weaknesses and accounting policy changes, Voyant Global seeks to identify foreign companies that are poised for significant share price underperformance. The combination of an accruals-based quantitative process followed by in-depth accounting policy and working capital analysis, routinely highlights deteriorating situations long before they become apparent to the rest of The Street. The service’s universe includes over 4,500 global companies with market capitalizations in excess of $1 billion. The primary markets of focus are the United Kingdom, Germany, France, Sweden, Japan, Hong Kong, China, and India.

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OTHER EQUITY RESEARCH

ASSET ANALYSIS FOCUS
Asset Analysis Focus is authored by Mark Boyar. Originally published in January 1975, Asset Analysis Focus is the longest continuously running independent research service on Wall Street. This monthly research report uses a Graham & Dodd value approach to identify corporations that are selling well below intrinsic or break-up value. Asset Analysis Focus does not subscribe to the often accepted theory that the market price of a stock is its true net worth, but believes that taking advantage of favorable discrepancies between market value and intrinsic value defines investment opportunity.

THE EUROPEAN SPIN-OFF REPORT
The European Spin-Off Report, authored by Robert Sassoon, identifies and analyzes all publicly announced spin-offs in Western Europe. Coverage begins upon announcement of the spin-off with an initial email detailing the new transaction followed by an in-depth fundamental analysis of the parent and spin-off entity. A monthly European Spin-Off Calendar monitors the status of each transaction, and updates any relevant information such as critical future dates, share ratios, and investor relation contact information. Updates are continually published to highlight trading ideas in situations where pricing and value anomalies exist.

THE GLOBAL SPIN-OFF REPORT
The Global Spin-Off Report, also authored by Robert Sassoon, identifies and analyzes all publicly announced spin-offs excluding the United States and Western Europe. Similar in structure to The European Spin-Off Report, coverage of each spin-off begins upon announcement, and continues through the first quarter of trading. A monthly Spin-Off Calendar monitors the status of each transaction, and updates any relevant information such as critical future dates, share ratios, and investor relation contact information. Updates are continually published to highlight trading ideas in situations where pricing and value anomalies exist.

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ARBITRAGE SERVICES

EUROPEAN MERGER ARBITRAGE REPORT
The European Merger Report provides analysis of all announced mergers with a European target company of €500m or greater in market capitalization. David Roden, who has extensive knowledge of the European risk arbitrage and derivative markets, leads the London based research team. Detailed analysis of each bid incorporates the differences between the takeover regulation and practices in the different European markets, and strategy execution. The service also provides regular updates,
event calendars, and contact with the analyst team.

EUROPEAN CAPITAL STRUCTURE ARBITRAGE REPORT
The European Capital Structure Arbitrage Report is also authored by David Roden and identifies relative mispricing and trading opportunities in liquid, quoted securities issued by European companies. The focus is on the valuations of listed debt, convertible bonds and equity. The strategies employed may be event driven or based on relative pricing anomalies. The companies
covered normally have an equity market cap in excess of €500 million. Publications include initial coverage reports, updates covering open strategies and trading recommendations.

GLOBAL MERGERS AND ACQUISITIONS RESEARCH
The Global Merger Report, is an independent research service covering all global mergers and acquisitions outside of the US and Western Europe over 1 billion US dollars in value. The service is written by a team of analysts, headed by David Roden who has over 20 years of experience in risk arbitrage. Fundamental research and trading analysis is provided on each acquisition. Daily and weekly updates keep clients current on all transactions followed, with ongoing news and deal analysis covering legal issues, sector strategies, counter-bidders, valuations and timing.

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